Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDX)

Interconnect Stress Test (IST)

Insulation Degradation Evaluation System SIR13 (SIR13)

X-ray Fluorescent Analyzer (XRF)

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AA)